Annoying and painful, blisters are caused by friction, usually your shoes or socks rubbing against your skin. Anything that intensifies rubbing can start a blister, including a faster pace, poor-fitting shoes and foot abnormalities, such as bunions, heel spurs and hammertoes. Heat and moisture intensify friction by making your feet swell. That explains why many runners only suffer blisters during races, especially marathons. You're perspiring more, running faster and longer, sloshing through water stations and, if it's warm, pouring water over your head. The body responds to the friction by producing fluid, which builds up beneath the part of the skin being rubbed, causing pressure and pain. A blood blister occurs when the friction ruptures tiny blood vessels.

First Aid

If you have a large blister, drain it. If you don't drain it, your blister will hurt, and it could puncture on its own. To drain the blister, wash your hands, and then wipe a needle with alcohol to sterilize it. Don't put the needle in a flame. You'll get carbon particles in your skin. The carbon can further irritate the wound. Once you've punctured the blister, carefully drain the liquid by pushing gently with your fingers near the hole. Then cover the blister with a tight bandage to keep bacteria from getting in. You can take the bandage off periodically and soak your foot in Epsom salts to draw out the fluid. After soaking, put on a fresh bandage.

Conclusion

If you've got a small blister, leave it intact. The skin acts as a protective covering over a sterile environment. Furthermore, if the fluid amount is small and you try to pop it, you could cause additional problems by making it bleed. Leave small blood blisters intact, also. Otherwise, you risk getting bacteria into your bloodstream. For small blisters, cut a hole the size of the blister in the middle of a piece of moleskin, then place it over the blister and cover it with gauze. The blister will dry out and heal on its own. A blister under a nail is best treated by a professional. If its under the base of the toenail, we take an electric file and drill a hole. While most blisters don't pose a serious health risk, they should be treated with respect. But more importantly, a blister also can get infected. And those infections can put you in the hospital, she adds. A lot of people will pop a blister with a dirty needle, and the area will get infected. Then, all of a sudden, you've got a severe problem.

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